Dachau Concentration Camp

Type: Memorial

The complex, located about 20 km from Munich, became the first concentration camp of the National Socialist (Nazi) Dictatorship in Germany. It was constructed for political opponents of the Nazis, including such famous prisoners as Martin Niemöller. Since 1965 there is a memorial to the victims of Nazism among the grounds and surviving buildings. The camp began operating in March 1933 and continued until the liberation of the camp by the U.S. 7th Army on April 29, 1945. Nearly a quarter of the approximately 200,000 prisoners died there.